Exploring titre testing as a natrual approach to dog health

As a dog owner, the health and well-being of my companions, Mia and Keziah, are my top priorities. I want them to live as long as possible so that we can spend as much time together as possible. With my years of experience working in veterinary clinics and my background as an underwriter and claims adjuster for pet insurance, I've gained a deep understanding of pet health care. This knowledge has led me to question the necessity of certain vaccinations and explore the benefits of titre testing—a method that aligns more closely with my philosophy of natural care.

What is Titre Testing?

Titre testing measures the presence of specific antibodies in the blood, helping us determine whether a dog is still protected against certain diseases. Instead of automatically vaccinating, titre testing provides a look into a dog’s immunity levels, allowing us to make informed decisions about their health care. This approach feels gentler, especially for my dog Mia, who has environmental allergies. I believe that we should aim to avoid overloading their systems when it isn't necessary.

Before making any health decisions, I cannot stress the importance of working with a veterinarian you trust. I have the pleasure of being Dr. Honda’s client (of South Side Pet Hospital) and was pleased to have her provide professional insights on the topic of titre testing.

Anna Marie’s Questions for Dr. Honda:

What is a titre test?

A titre is a measure of antibodies in the blood. Antibodies are produced in the body either from vaccination or, in some cases, infection. No, in dogs we can measure titres for Distemper, Parvovirus and Rabies. In cats, you can check for Calicivirus, Herpesvirus, Panleukopenia, and Rabies.

Is there a titre test for all vaccines?

No, in dogs we can measure titres for Distemper, Parvovirus and Rabies. In cats, you can check for Calicivirus, Herpesvirus, Panleukopenia, and Rabies.

How often should we run a titre test, or how long does a vaccine provide protection?

This is where things get more complicated: Antibody titres do not confer disease protection automatically. A higher titre might indicate protection, but a lower one might as well. A positive titre doesn't guarantee disease protection; just because there are antibodies in the blood doesn't mean they are effective. Titre levels have been set by diagnostic labs, but this is based on limited, older data and comes with a disclaimer that it may not be sufficient.

Dr. Honda referenced the 2022 AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines:

“…, at best, the determination of “protective titres” has been based on limited data. These data were thoroughly reviewed 20 years ago. Nothing more substantive has become available since then. ELISA-based in-clinic antibody detection tests have been available for CPV and CDV for more than 20 years. HI and VN tests, respectively, were used as “gold standards” to determine their sensitivity and specificity, as it relates to a “protective titre.” Commercial ELISAs have been applied in shelter populations outside of the laboratory and further compared with HI and VN tests. Such applications have provided no further basis for a determination of “protective titres,” primarily because the titres or amounts of antibody were not correlated with clinical outcomes. Recognizing these limitations, no values for “protective titres” are indicated in these guidelines, although some commercial laboratories will provide them.”

“Altogether, a titre, almost regardless of the amount, is not necessarily indicative of protection or susceptibility. Rather, it is more complicated than that. Disease in the individual animal results from the interaction of host, pathogen, and environmental cofactors. It can be misleading to forecast an outcome on the basis of one cofactor: a titre.

When should we choose titre testing over traditional vaccinations? 

You can titre if you want some idea if a pet might be protected, especially if vaccines might be high-risk (e.g., previous adverse reactions). However, take the information for what it is—you can't use it as a guarantee. Rabies titres might be required for international travel, but at home, only vaccination counts. Rabies titres are very expensive, so if a pet can't receive a Rabies vaccine, we can write a letter of exemption, but we need a good reason to do this; it's not a letter of convenience, but a true medical exemption.

Is titre testing more expensive than routine vaccination?

There is a Distemper/Parvo test I can run that is about $300. I don't recommend it unless there are no other options, as it only tells me what's going on at that point in time. If the pet isn't vaccinated, I have no idea how long it could have a protective titre and how often to check. The randomness can be costly and not very scientific! Vaccination for these diseases is much less expensive, very effective, and with boosters every three years, it is generally the better option.

As a veterinarian, I will have a discussion with every pet owner to establish the best plan for their pet(s) that ensures they are adequately protected. If they can't have vaccines, we explore how to reduce the risks in their lives. Many people assume that if they come to the vet, they will be "forced" to vaccinate, but no one should ever feel that way. We always have a discussion together, assessing each pet's risks while considering the health and safety of the owner and the community around them.

I really appreciate Dr. Honda for taking the time to respond to these questions and help us understand this care option in more depth. In addition to titre testing, I prioritize routine bloodwork for Mia and Keziah. This typically includes a complete blood count (CBC) and blood chemistry panel, which assess organ function (like liver and kidney health), electrolyte balance, and blood sugar levels. Establishing a solid baseline through blood work allows for quick identification of any potential issues down the line, ensuring that we stay proactive about their health.

Regular veterinary visits are essential whether you choose to titre test or vaccinate your dog. I recommend taking dogs for overall check-ups at least once a year as part of your ongoing care routine. As they age, these visits should increase to twice a year to catch any health concerns early.

I hope you found the information on titre testing and its benefits for natural care insightful! If this content is useful to someone you know, please consider sharing it with them.